Do obese children need to attend treatment to lose weight?

One-third of American children are overweight or obese. Family-based treatment (FBT) has been considered the best model for the treatment of obese children as it provides both parents and children with education and behavior therapy techniques but is provided mainly in a hospital setting. Researchers have found that parent-based therapy (PBT) has similar outcomes to FBT and could be more cost-effective.

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Obesity can lead to more severe hot flashes and other menopause symptoms

Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), such as hot flashes and night sweats, cause serious discomfort in many women at menopause. Studies show a higher frequency of VMS in women who gain weight during the postmenopause period, and the effect of obesity on VMS has been studied for many years. A new study finds that hot flashes are associated with a higher body mass index (BMI).

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Prenatal stress predisposes female mice to binge eating

Stress changes our eating habits, but the mechanism may not be purely psychological, research in mice suggests. A study has found that stressed mouse mothers were more likely to give birth to pups that would go on to exhibit binge-eating-like behavior later in life. The pups from stressed mothers shared epigenetic tags on their DNA, but these markers only made a difference when the researchers put the young offspring into a stressful situation.

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Component of Marijuana Reduces Seizures in Some Children With Epilepsy

Recent industry-funded study results suggest cannabidiol (a component of marijuana) reduces convulsive seizures in children with a rare form of epilepsy called Dravet syndrome when compared with placebo.

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Tips from NCCIH’s Office of Scientific Review for Responding to the New Clinical Trial Funding Announcements

By now you’ve probably heard that NCCIH has a new series of funding opportunity announcements (FOAs) for investigator-initiated clinical trials. These FOAs will allow you to provide more relevant information regarding your planned trial through the use of special attachments. The review panels will use the information in the attachments to assess important aspects of your study such as rigor, feasibility, and the potential impact of your proposed trial.

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High-fat diet alters reward system in rats

Exposure to high-fat diet from childhood may increase the sensitivity of the dopamine system later in adulthood, according to a study in male rats.

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Dramatic shift in gut microbes and their metabolites seen after weight loss surgery

Obesity is linked with the composition of microbes in the human gut. In new research, bacterial composition in the gut, as well as accompanying metabolites are shown to undergo a profound and permanent shift, with microbial diversity significantly increasing following gastric bypass surgery.

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A flip switch for binge-eating?

Researchers have identified a subgroup of neurons in the mouse brain that, upon activation, immediately prompt binge-like eating.

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Isolated Greek villages reveal genetic secrets that protect against heart disease

A genetic variant that protects the heart against cardiovascular disease has been discovered. The cardioprotective variant was found in an isolated Greek population, who are known to live long and healthy lives despite having a diet rich in animal fat.

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Morgan Lake Q&A

Fitness

Article May 26, 2017

Ahead of the 2017 World Championships in Athletics, we spoke with GB athlete Morgan Lake on how she’s balancing personal life and training

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Collaborating to Support Research on a Promising Smoking Cessation Treatment

Illnesses and deaths linked to tobacco smoking are a huge public health problem in the United States and worldwide. Although treatments such as counseling and medication are available to help people stop smoking, research indicates that these treatments are not always available or successful for every patient, and that an individualized approach is desirable.

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Size-sensing protein controls glucose uptake and storage in fat cells

Researchers have discovered that a molecule which can sense the swelling of fat cells also controls a signaling pathway that allows fat cells to take up and store excess glucose. Mice missing this protein, known as SWELL1, gain less weight (fat) than normal mice on a high-fat diet, but also develop diabetes.

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Probing problems with bariatric surgery: Reoperations, variation are common

Every year, nearly 200,000 Americans turn to surgeons for help with their obesity, seeking bariatric surgery to lose weight and prevent life-threatening health problems. But after more than two decades of steadily increasing numbers of operations, American bariatric surgery centers still vary greatly in the quality of care they provide.

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Recommended daily protein intake too low for the elderly

The minimum protein requirement for healthy adults has been set almost 15 years ago to 0.80 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight. There is a growing body of evidence that this recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is not sufficient for older persons and that they would benefit from eating more proteins.

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Where body fat is carried can predict cancer risk

Carrying fat around your middle could be as good an indicator of cancer risk as body mass index (BMI), according to new research.

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Fiber-rich diet linked to lowered risk of painful knee osteoarthritis

A fiber-rich diet is linked to a lowered risk of painful knee osteoarthritis, finds the first study of its kind.

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Regular chocolate consumption may be linked to lower risk of heart flutter

Regular chocolate consumption may be linked to a lower risk of developing the heart rhythm irregularity atrial fibrillation, also known as heart flutter

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Dietary strategy to address obesity uses component in red chili

Scientists have discovered a dietary strategy that may address obesity by reducing endotoxemia, a major contributor to chronic, low-grade inflammation (CLGI). The researchers uncovered an interaction between dietary capsaicin (CAP), the major pungent component in red chili, and gut microbiota. This novel mechanism for the anti-obesity effect of CAP acts through prevention of microbial dysbiosis.

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Rethinking exercise: Replace punishing workouts with movement that makes you happy

Many women start fitness programs to lose weight, and when they don't, they feel like failures and stop exercising. In a new study, researchers analyzed what women say makes them feel happy and successful, and how their expectations and beliefs about exercise foster or undermine those things.

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Just one alcoholic drink a day increases breast cancer risk, exercise lowers risk

Drinking just one glass of wine or other alcoholic drink a day increases breast cancer risk, finds a major new report.

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Why our brain cells may prevent us burning fat when we're dieting

A study carried out in mice may help explain why dieting can be an inefficient way to lose weight: key brain cells act as a trigger to prevent us burning calories when food is scarce.

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Father's pre-conception vitamin D intake linked to child height and weight at 5 years old

New research shows that a father's vitamin D intake pre-conception is associated with his child's height and weight at five years old.

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Keeping young women's weight gain to less than 800g/year could help prevent progression from healthy weight to overweight and obesity

New research shows that rates of weight gain are established by the time women are 18-23 years old. Measuring rates of weight gain at this age could identify women who are likely to become overweight or obese by the time they are 40. Furthermore, women who are divorced, separated or widowed, and those who smoke >10/day are most at risk of becoming overweight or obese.

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Eating a diet rich in fruit and vegetables could cut obesity risk

Pro-vegetarian diets (with a higher consumption of plant-based foods compared to animal-based foods) could provide substantial protection against obesity, according to new research.

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Eating more fruits and vegetables may lower risk of blockages in leg arteries

Eating three or more servings of fruit and vegetables per day may lower your risk of developing blockages in leg arteries.

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5 Tips for a Healthy Vacation

As you plan your next beach vacation, make sure your trip is a healthy one. Consider these five tips on sun safety, medications, contact lenses, tattoos, and eating well.

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Sleep loss affects your waistline

Sleep loss increases the risk of obesity through a combination of effects on energy metabolism. This research will highlight how disrupted sleep patterns, a common feature of modern living, can predispose to weight gain, by affecting people’s appetite and responses to food and exercise.

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Being overweight in childhood may heighten lifetime risk of depression

New research suggests that being overweight, especially from a young age, may substantially increase the lifetime risk of major depression.

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A Crescendo of Interest and Research in Music and Health

In this blog post, NCCIH Director of External Research Dr. Emmeline Edwards discusses NIH/NCCIH funding opportunities in music and art therapies.

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Another reason to exercise: Burning bone fat a key to better bone health

It's a fat-burning secret anyone interested in bone health should know. For the first time, researchers show that exercising burns the fat found within bone marrow and offers evidence that this process improves bone quality and the amount of bone in a matter of weeks.

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Chance of colon cancer recurrence nearly cut in half in people who eat nuts

Something as simple as eating tree nuts may make a difference in the long-term survival of patients with colon cancer, a new study concludes.

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Following gastric band surgery, device-related reoperation common, costly

Among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing laparoscopic adjustable gastric band surgery, reoperation was common, costly, and varied widely across hospital referral regions, according to a study.

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Switching to a low-glycemic diet may stop age-related eye disease, study suggests

Development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) could be arrested by switching from a high-glycemic to a low-glycemic diet, suggests a new study conducted in mice.

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Young women's gradual weight gain lifts pregnancy blood pressure danger

Researchers are challenging women to start thinking about pre-pregnancy health sooner, with the finding that years of gradual weight gain more than doubles the risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The increased risk was due to weight change and occurred regardless of whether the woman's body mass index (BMI) was initially categorized as healthy or overweight.

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Breast cancer risk is more affected by total body fat than abdominal fat

A reduction in overall body fat, rather than abdominal fat, is associated with lower levels of breast cancer markers. Levels of several breast cancer risk markers were reduced in postmenopausal women who lost total body fat, rather than just belly fat. These results emphasize the importance of maintaining a healthy weight and could influence the design of diet and exercise plans for overweight women.

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'Healthy' obese people still at higher risk of cardiovascular disease events than general population

New research shows that so-called 'metabolically healthy' obese people are still at higher risk of cardiovascular disease events such as heart failure or stroke than normal weight people.

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Inflammatory signature of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

A team of investigators has identified key inflammatory cells involved in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Current treatment for the disorder involves changes to diet, yet no medication has been approved for treatment. Findings from this study provide a potential therapeutic target and offer the possibility for developing a treatment.

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Popular weight-loss surgery puts patients at high risk for alcohol problems

One in five patients who undergo one of the most popular weight-loss surgical procedures is likely to develop problems with alcohol, with symptoms sometimes not appearing until years after their surgery, according to one of the largest, longest-running studies of adults who got weight-loss surgery.

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Nonprescription use of Ritalin linked to adverse side effects, study finds

New research has explored the potential side effects of the stimulant drug Ritalin on those without ADHD showed changes in brain chemistry associated with risk-taking behavior, sleep disruption and other undesirable effects.

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Better than BMI: More accurate way to determine adolescent obesity

Researchers have found a new, more accurate way to determine if adolescents are overweight, important findings considering many school districts label adolescents -- who tend to be more vulnerable to weight bias and fat shaming than adults -- as obese.

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Diet rich in fruit, vegetables and whole grains may lower risk of gout

A diet rich in fruit and vegetables, nuts and whole grains and low in salt, sugary drinks, and red and processed meats, is associated with a lower risk of gout, whereas a typical 'Western' diet is associated with a higher risk of gout, finds a study.

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Experts argue that obesity is a chronic, relapsing, progressive disease

Experts consider the argument for obesity as a chronic relapsing disease process. They note that obesity fits the epidemiological model of a disease process except that the toxic or pathological agent is food rather than a microbe.

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Common sweetener in low-cal foods also a marker for weight gain

A new study has identified the sugar alcohol erythritol as a biomarker for increasing fat mass. In contrast to previous assumptions and research, erythritol can be metabolized by, and even produced in, the human body.

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Imbalanced gut microbiome linked to systemic sclerosis, study suggests

Americans and Norwegians with systemic sclerosis had higher levels of bacteria that can cause inflammation and lower levels of bacteria that are believed to protect against inflammation compared with healthy people.

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New findings may explain the advantages of polyunsaturated fat

Previous research has demonstrated that saturated fat is more fattening and less muscle building than polyunsaturated fats. A new study shows that the choice of fat causes epigenetic changes which in turn could contribute to differences in fat storage.

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Osteoarthritis could be prevented with good diet and exercise

Osteoarthritis can potentially be prevented with a good diet and regular exercise, a new expert review reports.

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Tamoxifen protects against obesity-related metabolic disorders

Tamoxifen is the gold standard for endocrine treatment of estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer. Tamoxifen is also known to have metabolic effects. A new study reports that the drug also prevents obesity, fatty liver, and insulin resistance in female mice who were fed a high-fat diet and whose ovaries had been removed. The study was also able to pinpoint which estrogen receptors underlie these protective effects, opening up possibilities for new therapies to treat these conditions.

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Loss of spinal nerve fibers not the only cause of disability in multiple sclerosis

Researchers from Queen Mary University of London have now sampled spinal cords of thirteen people with MS and five healthy controls, and found that spinal cord cross sectional area is not a good predictor of axonal loss.

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Older age at menopause and use of hormone therapy produce increased risk of hearing loss

It has long been suspected that menopause and the use of hormones had a direct effect on hearing. However, findings from previous studies have been conflicting, with some suggesting that hearing worsens at menopause but that there is benefit with hormone therapy (HT). Now results from the first large population study conducted to assess the association show that older age at natural menopause and the use of oral HT are each associated with a higher risk of hearing loss.

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Kicking the salt shaker habit may not be enough

Restaurant foods and commercially processed foods sold in stores accounted for about 70 percent of dietary sodium intake in a study in three US regions. Salt added at home during food preparation or at the table accounted for a small fraction of dietary sodium. These findings confirm earlier recommendations from the Institute of Medicine to lower dietary sodium by decreasing the amount in commercially processed foods.

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Genetic Edge Compounds Issues Voluntary Nationwide Recall of GEC Laxoplex Dietary Supplement Capsules Due to Presence of Anabolic Steroids

Genetic Edge Compounds voluntarily recalls all lot codes distributed between February 2, 2015-May 2, 2017 of GEC Laxoplex dietary supplement capsules.

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Alzheimer's disease likely not caused by low body mass index

A new large-scale genetic study found that low body mass index (BMI) is likely not a causal risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, as earlier research had suggested.

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Discover women’s rugby!

Fitness

Feature May 9, 2017

Love watching rugby but nervous to give it a go? England Rugby’s new women’s camps are the perfect introduction

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NCCIH Reissues Funding Initiatives for Phased Awards of Mechanistic Studies To Optimize Mind and Body Interventions

NCCIH is pleased to announce the reissue of two Program Announcements (PARs) that direct research attention toward investigating the mechanisms by which mind and body interventions might work, as well as strategies to optimize these interventions:

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Giving Medication to Children

The director of FDA's Office of Pediatric Therapeutics discusses what parents should know about medication. use in children.

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Prolonged military-style training causes changes to intestinal bacteria, increases inflammation

A new study finds that long periods of physiological stress can change the composition of microorganisms residing in the intestines (intestinal microbiota), which could increase health risks in endurance athletes and military personnel.

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Harms from disruptions in children's medicaid coverage

New research suggest that when children lose state Medicaid coverage even for a short time, they are likely to go without needed health care, or to receive care in resource-intensive setting such as emergency departments rather than less expensive primary care offices.

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Teens and adolescents who consume too much salt show unhealthy changes to blood vessels

Findings of a new study suggest adolescents who consume too much salt have measurable changes in their blood vessels associated with early signs of cardiovascular disease in adults.

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Cinnamon may lessen damage of high-fat diet in rats

Cinnamon may lessen the risk of cardiovascular damage of a high-fat diet by activating the body's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory systems and slowing the fat-storing process, according to a preliminary animal study.

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'Small for gestational age' studied across European countries

A new study questions the use of common references for assessing 'small for gestational age' (SGA) in very preterm infants across Europe. SGA describes a baby who is smaller than the usual amount for the number of weeks of pregnancy.

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6 Deadlift Variations Your Butt Will Thank You For

A classic deadlift is an amazing exercise, but these variations add another extra challenge. Here's how to do a deadlift six different ways.

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Dealing With Opiate Withdrawal (FTC Blog, Scam Alerts)

FTC says not to trust dietary supplements promoted for opiate withdrawal.

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Vitamin A deficiency is detrimental to blood stem cells

Lack of vitamin A in the body has a detrimental effect on the hematopoietic system in the bone marrow. The deficiency causes a loss of important blood stem cells, scientists now report. These findings will open up new prospects in cancer therapy.

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13 Cute Gift Ideas For Fit Moms Who Love Fashion

If your mom loves fitness, athleisure, and fashion, she's sure to love these Mother's Day gift ideas.

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Improving control of age-related obesity

The function and distribution of adipose tissue in the body change during the course of life. Beige fat cells, a special type of adipocytes, have the capability to use energy reserves – fatty deposits – by generating heat in a process known as thermogenesis. With increasing age, beige adipocytes take on the morphology of white adipocytes. Thermogenic activity ceases and with it the cells' ability to burn fat. As a result, the risk of obesity increases. A team has now proven that the epigenetic enzyme lysine specific demethylase 1 (Lsd1) plays a key role in this transformation.

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Finding Funding for the Building Blocks of Natural Product Clinical Trials

Find out more about a new series of funding opportunity announcements for investigator-initiated clinical trials, and register for this May 9 webinar: New NCCIH Funding Opportunities for Natural Products Clinical Trials.

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Your muscles can 'taste' sugar

It's obvious that the taste buds on the tongue can detect sugar. And after a meal, beta cells in the pancreas sense rising blood glucose and release the hormone insulin—which helps the sugar enter cells, where it can be used by the body for energy. Now researchers have uncovered an unexpected mechanism of glucose sensing in skeletal muscles that contributes to the body's overall regulation of blood sugar levels.

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Extending weight loss program helps people who are overweight keep more weight off, and is cost-effective

Extending NHS weight loss programs from one session per week for 12-weeks to one session per week for a year helped people who are overweight to lose more weight and keep it off for longer, according to a new study.

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Parkinson: Weight gain after deep brain stimulation

It was already known that people affected by Parkinson's disease, when subjected to deep brain stimulation, gained weight, but it was less clear why that was so. New research has now shown that the weight gain after implant has a multifactorial origin. The study monitored for the first time a group of patients before and after the intervention, assessing cognitive, psychological and behavioral aspects, providing important elements for preventative purposes.

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Circadian clock changes can alter body's response to diet

Changing the circadian clock in mouse liver can alter how the body responds to diet and also change the microbes living in the digestive track.

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12 High-Waisted Leggings You’ll Want to Work Out and Live In

The high-waist legging trend is my absolute favorite, and will probably be yours, too. Here are some of my favorites to try.

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Recognizing food brands puts preschoolers at risk for obesity

Young children who recognize food name brands, such as Lucky Charms, M&M's and Cheetos, often eat unhealthy items that lead to their high body mass index.

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Cardiorespiratory fitness can reduce risk of fatty liver

Cardiorespiratory fitness is inversely related to risk of fatty liver, according to a new study. The research shows that, despite the person's weight, achieving moderate cardiorespiratory fitness can protect from fatty liver.

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Discovery in mice could lead to new class of medications to fight mid-life obesity

A team of scientists has identified an enzyme that could help in the continuous battle against mid-life obesity and fitness loss. The discovery in mice could upend current notions about why people gain weight as they age, and could one day lead to more effective weight-loss medications.

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To Get Strong, These Are the Only 8 Exercises You Need

Get strong as hell with these 8 foundational exercises from fitness experts: squats, rows, pull-ups, shoulder presses, bench presses, step-ups, and bridges.

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New anti-rejection drug reduces weight gain, enhances outcomes for liver transplant recipients

Researchers have discovered that a new anti-rejection drug that is gentler on the kidneys after liver transplant also reduces weight gain, which is common after surgery and can lead to serious problems for transplant patients.

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4 Things To Know About Dietary Supplements for Eye Conditions

Four important things to know about dietary supplements and eye diseases.

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One step closer to finding out how wine may protect your neurons

Low to moderate intake of red wine can delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Researchers have now found out how wine compounds are protective against neuronal death: they should pass through your stomach first.

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Dietary gluten is not linked to heart risk in non-celiacs

A study revealed that while dietary gluten does not increase heart disease risk in people without celiac disease, limiting whole grains may increase their heart risk.

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30 Surprisingly Cute Pairs of Socks and Underwear Perfect for Any Workout

It's all in the details. These are our picks for the best athletic socks and sweat-wicking underwear.

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9 Super Easy Ways to Make $10

With SELFstarter, it's easy to earn cash back when you shop.

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'Exercise-in-a-pill' boosts athletic endurance by 70 percent

Sedentary mice given the drug ran longer without training.

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WTF Is Gluteal Amnesia and How to Know If You Have It

Gluteal amnesia, also known as "dead butt syndrome," is more common than you think. But with a few simple exercises, it's easy to reverse.

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4 Things To Know About Dietary Supplements for Eye Conditions

Four important things to know about dietary supplements and eye diseases.

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Dietary Supplements for Eye Conditions

Eye conditions that can lead to permanent visual impairment or blindness—including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma—are serious public health problems.

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Think Before You Ink: Are Tattoos Safe?

Are tattoos safe? Not always. More people are getting tattoos, and some have developed infections from contaminated inks, or had bad reactions to the inks themselves.

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Weight loss can slow down knee joint degeneration

Overweight and obese people who lost a substantial amount of weight over a 48-month period showed significantly lower degeneration of their knee cartilage, according to a new study.

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Golden years are longer and healthier for those with good heart health in middle age

People who have better cardiovascular health in middle age live longer and spend fewer of their later years with chronic illnesses of all types. They also save money on healthcare costs.

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8 Plus-Size Athletes Breaking Down Stereotypes

These plus-size athletes prove that you can be fit at any size. Follow these powerhouse women for daily Insta inspiration.

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Mice with missing lipid-modifying enzyme heal better after heart attack

Using a mouse heart attack model, researchers have shown that knocking out one particular lipid-modifying enzyme, along with a short-term dietary excess of a certain lipid, can improve post-heart attack healing and clear inflammation.

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Regular use of aspirin can lower risk of breast cancer for women

The use of low-dose aspirin (81 mg) reduces the risk of breast cancer in women, a new study concludes. Researchers saw an overall 16 percent lower risk of breast cancer in women who reported using low-dose aspirin at least three times per week.

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Is alternate-day fasting more effective for weight loss?

Alternate day fasting regimens have increased in popularity because some patients find it difficult to adhere to a conventional weight-loss diet. A new article reports on a randomized clinical trial that compared the effects of alternate-day fasting with daily calorie restriction on weight loss, weight maintenance and indicators of cardiovascular disease risk.

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Common antibiotics linked to increased risk of miscarriage

Many classes of common antibiotics, such as macrolides, quinolones, tetracyclines, sulfonamides and metronidazole, were associated with an increased risk of miscarriage in early pregnancy, according to a new study.

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