Fungi found in the guts of healthy adults just travel through

Fungi found in the gastrointestinal tracts of healthy adults are largely transient and stem from the mouth or foods recently consumed, according to new research.

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Can a Mediterranean diet pattern slow aging?

A series of six articles finds new correlations between a Mediterranean diet and healthy aging outcomes -- while also underscoring the need for careful approaches to the use of data in order to measure the diet's potential benefits.

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Canada–US Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA) increased caloric intake in Canada

A new study shows that the 1989 Canada-US Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA) was associated with an increase in caloric availability of approximately 170 kilocalories per person per day in Canada. These findings suggest that the rise in caloric intake and obesity in Canada since the early 1990s can be partially attributed to its close trade and investment arrangements with the US.

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Just one high-fat meal sets the perfect stage for heart disease

A single high-fat milkshake, with a fat and calorie content similar to some enticing restaurant fare, can quickly transform our healthy red blood cells into small, spiky cells that wreak havoc inside our blood vessels and help set the perfect stage for cardiovascular disease, scientists report.

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Seasonal Allergies: Which Medication is Right for You?

The FDA regulates many products that treat allergies or offer allergy relief. But which will work for you depends on your particular symptoms.

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The connection between diet, obesity, and cancer: Nutrition experts explore the evidence

About one third of cancer cases are estimated to be linked to dietary and other modifiable risk factors, especially for obesity-related cancers such as breast, colorectal, ovarian, endometrial, kidney, gallbladder, esophageal, and pancreatic cancers.

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Mandatory nutrition policies may impact sugar consumption

Mandatory nutrition policies could be a valuable tool in helping high school students to lower their sugar intake, a new study has found.

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Relationship changes after bariatric surgery

Individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery have a higher probability of getting married, separating from their partner or getting divorced, according to a new study.

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BIABooster: A more sensitive device for characterizing DNA in blood circulation

BIABooster technology can characterize DNA with new precision and sensitivity. When used to analyze residual DNA circulating in the blood, it has identified promising signatures for monitoring patients with cancer.

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Obesity is shifting cancer to young adults

Researchers have compiled evidence from more than 100 publications to show how obesity increases risk of 13 different cancers in young adults. The meta-analysis describes how obesity has shifted certain cancers to younger age groups, and intensified cellular mechanisms promoting the diseases.

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Care providers' understanding of obesity treatment is limited

Despite the high prevalence of obesity among US adults, provision of recommended treatments for obesity remains low.

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Sulfur amino acid restriction diet triggers new blood vessel formation in mice

Putting mice on a diet containing low amounts of the essential amino acid methionine triggered the formation of new blood vessels in skeletal muscle, according to a new study. The finding adds insight to previous research showing that a methionine-restricted diet extends lifespan and healthspan, suggesting that improved vascular function may contribute to these benefits.

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Tamarack Inc. Recalls Eclipse Kratom Because of Possible Salmonella Contamination

Tamarack Inc. of Roy, Utah, voluntarily recalls Eclipse Kratom-containing powder products due to possible contamination with Salmonella.

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Calorie restriction trial in humans suggests benefits for age-related disease

One of the first studies to explore the effects of calorie restriction on humans showed that cutting caloric intake by 15 percent for two years slowed aging and metabolism and protected against age-related disease. The study found that calorie restriction decreased systemic oxidative stress, which has been tied to age-related neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, as well as cancer, diabetes, and others.

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Tai Chi Has Similar or Greater Benefits Than Aerobic Exercise for Fibromyalgia, Study Shows

New research suggests practicing tai chi is a therapeutic option for people with fibromyalgia.

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Mind and Body Approaches for Chronic Pain

Some mind and body approaches may provide modest positive effects to help people manage daily variations in chronic pain; find out more here.

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Music and the Brain: Report on an NIH/Kennedy Center Workshop

Collaborative workshop – the Sound Health initiative – convened by the National Institutes of Health and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts – focused on the use of music therapy in health settings.

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Tai Chi Has Similar or Greater Benefits Than Aerobic Exercise for Fibromyalgia, Study Shows

New research suggests practicing tai chi is a therapeutic option for people with fibromyalgia.

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Mind and Body Approaches for Chronic Pain

Some mind and body approaches may provide modest positive effects to help people manage daily variations in chronic pain; find out more here.

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Music and the Brain: Report on an NIH/Kennedy Center Workshop

Collaborative workshop – the Sound Health initiative – convened by the National Institutes of Health and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts – focused on the use of music therapy in health settings.

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Searching for long-term success in weight management? Forget dieting and eat regularly

Early adulthood is particularly critical for putting on weight. According to a recent study common factors among young women and men who succeeded in managing their weight in the long term included eating regularly rather than dieting.

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PDX Aromatics Issues Second Expanded Recall of Kratom Products Because of Possible Health Risk

PDX Aromatics, DBA Kraken Kratom, Phytoextractum, and Soul Speciosa, expand scope of voluntary recalls.

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New study elucidates link between PCOS and anxiety

Maternal obesity and androgen excess induce sex-specific anxiety in the offspring, according to a study on mice. The findings may help explain why children born to mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have increased risk of developing anxiety later in life.

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More than 2,500 cancer cases a week could be avoided

More than 135,500 cases of cancer a year in the UK could be prevented through lifestyle changes, according to new figures.

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Tai Chi Has Similar or Greater Benefits Than Aerobic Exercise for Fibromyalgia, Study Shows

New research suggests practicing tai chi is a therapeutic option for people with fibromyalgia.

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Obesity surgery linked to positive outcomes in very obese teens with diabetes

This study is the first to compare glycemic control in two groups of very obese adolescents with type 2 diabetes.

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Two genes likely play key role in extreme nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

A new study has identified two genes associated with hyperemesis gravidarum, whose cause has not been determined in previous studies. The genes, known as GDF15 and IGFBP7, are both involved in the development of the placenta and play important roles in early pregnancy and appetite regulation.

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Middle-aged tooth loss linked to increased coronary heart disease risk

Losing two or more teeth during middle age is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Having fewer natural teeth by middle age is linked to higher cardiovascular disease risk.

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Mono-unsaturated fats from plants, not animals may reduce risk of death from heart disease and other causes

Diets rich in mono-unsaturated fats from plants may lower the risk of death from heart disease and other causes. The largest reductions in the risk of death were found when healthy fats from plant sources replaced saturated fats, trans fats and refined carbohydrates.

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Mind and Body Approaches for Chronic Pain

Some mind and body approaches may provide modest positive effects to help people manage daily variations in chronic pain; find out more here.

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Freezing hunger-signaling nerve may help ignite weight loss

Freezing the nerve that carries hunger signals to the brain may help patients with mild-to-moderate obesity lose weight, according to a newly presented study. The treatment was determined safe and feasible in the initial pilot phase.

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Western diet depletes artery-protecting immune cells

New research shows how a diet high in fat and cholesterol depletes the ranks of artery-protecting immune cells, turning them into promoters of inflammation, which exacerbate atherosclerotic plaque buildup that occurs in cardiovascular disease.

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Cold can activate body's 'good' fat at a cellular level, study finds

Lower temperatures can activate the body's 'good' fat formation at a cellular level, a new study has found.

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How obesity dulls the sense of taste

Previous studies have indicated that weight gain can reduce one's sensitivity to the taste of food. Now a new study shows that inflammation, driven by obesity, actually reduces the number of taste buds on the tongues of mice.

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Parenting and personality work together to affect baby's weight gain

The more mothers use food to soothe their babies, the more weight certain babies gained, according to researchers. The effect was only seen in babies with a surgent temperament -- characterized by being more outgoing, active and drawn to new things and people, putting these children at a risk for obesity later on.

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High consumption of red and processed meat linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance

World meat consumption has increased during the last decades, and evidence is mounting that high consumption of red and mainly processed meat is unhealthy to humans and is related to chronic diseases such as cancer, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. A new study adds non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to the list.

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Fasting diets reduce important risk factor for cardiovascular disease

Intermittent energy restriction diets, such as the 5:2 diet, clears fat from the blood quicker after eating meals than daily calorie restriction diets – reducing an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, a new study reports.

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Fish the primary source of nutrition in medieval Northern Ostrobothnia

Researchers investigated the diet of people buried in the Ii Hamina, Northern Finland, cemetery from the 15th to the 17th centuries by analysing isotopes in the bones of the deceased. Isotopes preserve information on the various nutrient sources used by humans during their lifetime. A study reveals that the dominant protein source was small fish, such as roach or Baltic herring.

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In children with obesity, impulsivity may be linked with greater weight loss when treated

Children with obesity may be more impulsive than those with normal weight, but during family-based behavioral treatment (FBT), the more impulsive of children with obesity may lose more weight, a new study suggests.

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High omega-6 levels can protect against premature death

Could omega-6 fatty acids protect you against premature death? The answer is yes, according to a new study. While protecting against death, omega-6 fatty acids also keep cardiovascular diseases at bay. “Linoleic acid is the most common polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid. We discovered that the higher the blood linoleic acid level, the smaller the risk of premature death,” says one of the researchers.

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Experimental obesity drug prevents development of kidney stones

Scientists have found that a drug connected with fat regulation prevents the formation of kidney stones in mice. This early work opens the possibility of developing drugs which may help prevent kidney stones in at-risk individuals.

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Fish accounted for surprisingly large part of the Stone Age diet

New research can now show what Stone Age people actually ate in southern Scandinavia 10 000 years ago. The importance of fish in the diet has proven to be greater than expected. So, if you want to follow a Paleo diet -- you should quite simply eat a lot of fish.

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E-cigarettes may lead to accumulation of fat in the liver

Using e-cigarettes may lead to an accumulation of fat in the liver, a study of mice exposed to the devices suggests.

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New diabetes drug may help people with obesity lose weight

A compound that mimics a naturally occurring hormone that regulates appetite may help people who have obesity but not diabetes to lose weight, a new study suggests.

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Race, pre-pregnancy BMI may help predict maternal weight gain

Race and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) both affect leptin and adiponectin levels, and leptin levels in mid-pregnancy may be an important predictor of weight gain during pregnancy, new research suggests.

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Breastfeeding may protect high-birthweight infants from childhood obesity

Breastfeeding may protect high-birthweight infants from having overweight or obesity as children, new research suggests.

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Overeating during breastfeeding may affect the health of offspring

Mothers who overeat during the period when they are breastfeeding may have children who are at increased risk of becoming obese and going through early puberty, a new study of mice suggests. Early puberty may lead to increased risk of diabetes or reproductive problems later in life, according to the research.

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High-energy breakfast promotes weight loss

In patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes, a meal schedule that includes a high-energy breakfast promotes weight loss, improves diabetes and decreases the need for insulin, new research reports.

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Consuming low-calorie sweeteners may predispose overweight individuals to diabetes

Consumption of low-calorie sweeteners could promote metabolic syndrome and predispose people to prediabetes and diabetes, particularly in individuals with obesity, a new study on human fat-derived stem cells and fat samples suggests.

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Mediterranean diet is linked to higher muscle mass, bone density after menopause

The heart-healthy Mediterranean diet also appears to be good for an older woman's bones and muscles, a new study of postmenopausal women in Brazil finds.

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Study of nearly 300,000 people challenges the 'obesity paradox'

The idea that it might be possible to be overweight or obese but not at increased risk of heart disease, otherwise known as the 'obesity paradox', has been challenged by a study of nearly 300,000 people. The research shows that the risk of heart and blood vessel problems, such as heart attacks, strokes and high blood pressure, increases as body mass index (BMI) increases beyond a BMI of 22-23 kg/m2.

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Virtual coaches, fitness trackers help patients stay fit after cardiac rehab

A 12-week mobile health, or mHealth, program not only kept cardiac rehab patients from losing ground, it appeared to help them maintain and even gain fitness.

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Artificial sweetener could intensify symptoms in those with Crohn's disease

In a study that has implications for humans with inflammatory diseases, researchers have found that, given over a six-week period, the artificial sweetener sucralose, known by the brand name Splenda, worsens gut inflammation in mice with Crohn's disease, but had no substantive effect on those without the condition.

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Smokers at greater risk of hearing loss

Smoking is associated with increased risk of hearing loss, according to a study of over 50,000 participants over eight years.

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Molecule that gives energy-burning brown fat its identity could lead to drugs for obesity

A protein found in brown fat, but not typical white fat, is key to how the energy-burning brown fat cells function.

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Toothpaste alone does not prevent dental erosion or hypersensitivity

An analysis of nine toothpastes found that none of them protects enamel or prevents erosive wear. Specialists stress that diet and treatment by a dentist are key to avoid the problems originated by dentin exposure.

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PDX Aromatics Recalls Kratom Powder Because Of Possible Health Risk

Kratom-containing powder products recalled.

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Caloric restriction in combination with low-fat diet helps protect aging mouse brains

New research finds that a low-fat diet in combination with limited caloric consumption prevents aging-induced inflammatory activation of immune cells in the mouse brain - and that exercise is significantly less effective than caloric restriction in preventing these age-related changes. This indicates that the fat content of a diet, as well as caloric intake, are important parameters for the detrimental effects of aging on the brain.

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Higher Vitamin D levels may be linked to lower risk of cancer

High levels of vitamin D may be linked to a lower risk of developing cancer, including liver cancer, concludes a large study.

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Gastrointestinal hormone measurably improved symptoms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Through a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial, researchers report that small doses of NGM282, a non-tumorigenic variant of an endocrine gastrointestinal hormone, can significantly and rapidly decrease liver fat content in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The findings represent an important proof-of-concept for the compound as there are currently no Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for NAFLD and NASH.

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Modulation of Fgf21 gene in early-life ameliorates adulthood diet-induced obesity

The importance of good nutrition in the early development of children has been recognized for many decades. Nutritional experiences in early life can have profound and long-lasting effects on body weight in later life. For instance, malnutrition in early life as a result of poor nutrition during pregnancy and/or the lactation period may be stored on the offspring genome as epigenetic memory and persist into adulthood, thereby increasing the susceptibility to metabolic diseases such as obesity in later life. This area of epigenetics has become one of the fastest-growing and most complex areas of biological science.

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Fiber-fermenting bacteria improve health of type 2 diabetes patients

The fight against type 2 diabetes may soon improve thanks to a pioneering high-fiber diet study.

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Improving birth outcomes one amino acid at a time

A simple dietary supplement (L-arginine) was found to improve birth outcomes, paving the way for future clinical trials to test this inexpensive and safe intervention.

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Combating childhood obesity by preventing 'fatty liver' in fetus

New research indicates that an obese pregnant mother and exposure to a high fat, high sugar diet during pregnancy produces a 'fatty liver' in the fetus, potentially predisposing children to obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders later in life.

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Estimating lives saved by England's NHS Health Check program

The NHS Health Check program is estimated to prevent around 300 premature deaths and results in more people living free of cardiovascular disease in England each year, according to a new study. Feasible changes in the delivery of the program could result in up to a three-fold increase in the benefits.

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Little difference among diet plans' long-term effectiveness

Whether you pick low-carb, low fat or another diet plan, scientific research indicates each can help some people achieve modest long-term weight loss with potential improvement in health risks, according to a statement on managing obesity.

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How Do New NIH Human Subjects Policies Impact Training and Career Development Awards?

In this blog post, Dr. Lanay Mudd describes NIH initiatives designed to enhance the accountability and transparency of clinical research.

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Moderate blood sugar control targets recommended for most patients with type 2 diabetes

Patients with type 2 diabetes should be treated to achieve an A1C between 7 percent and 8 percent rather than 6.5 percent to 7 percent, the American College of Physicians recommends in a new evidence-based guidance statement.

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Spring Research Lectures on Pain and Its Management

Information about three upcoming lectures on pain and pain managementby NCCIH-funded researchers on pain and its management (forming NCCIH’s Spring 2018 Integrative Medicine Research Lecture Series).

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Gastric bypass surgery can give better control for diabetes and obesity than lifestyle modification

Patients treated with a form of bariatric surgery did significantly better than patients provided with an intensive diabetes and weight management program.

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Healthy diet may not offset high salt intake

A healthy diet may not offset the effects of a high salt intake on blood pressure, suggests a new study. The research, from scientists at a number of institutions, including Imperial College London and Northwestern University, analysed the diets of over 4,000 people. The results, published in the journal Hypertension, showed that people eating higher amounts of salt had higher blood pressure -- no matter how healthy a person's overall diet.

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Kids persistently allergic to cow's milk are smaller than peers with nut allergies

Children who experience persistent allergies to cow's milk may remain shorter and lighter throughout pre-adolescence when compared with children who are allergic to peanuts or tree nuts, according to a retrospective chart review.

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Vitamin D reduces early mortality

A normal intake of vitamin D can reduce the risk of early death substantially in people with cardiovascular disease, a new study shows. The study concludes that people who have suffered from cardiovascular disease, and have a normal intake of vitamin D, reduce their risk of morality as a consequence of the disease by 30 per cent.

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Children with marginally low birth weight needs treatment

Children with a birth weight under 2.5 kilos stand at risk of becoming underweight and can experience cognitive difficulties as well as diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life. However, early iron supplementation seems to provide some protection.

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NCCIH Resources for Research Training and Career Development

In this blog post, NCCIH Training Officer Dr. Lanay Mudd discusses research training and career development opportunities.

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Gluten-free diet may help people with neuropathic pain

A strict gluten-free diet may help protect against the nerve pain that some people with gluten sensitivity experience, according to a preliminary study.

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Diet, bugs and beating high blood pressure

It is known that changing diet can be effective in reducing high blood pressure but now new research has revealed that people's natural gut bacteria can alter the effectiveness of dietary change.

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