Higher vitamin A intake linked to lower skin cancer risk

Researchers found that people who ate high levels of vitamin A were 17 percent less likely to get the second-most-common type of skin cancer years later.

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Weight stigma in men associated with harmful health consequences

As many as 40% of men report experiencing weight stigma, but little is known about how this stigma affects their health. This study found that men experiencing weight stigma have more depressive symptoms, are more likely to binge eat, and have lower self-rated health.

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Individuals with obesity get more satisfaction from their food

A new study found no significant difference in taste perceptions between participants of normal weight and those who were overweight. However, participants with obesity had initial taste perceptions that were greater than participants who were not obese, which declined at a more gradual rate than participants who were not obese. This quantification of satisfaction from food may help explain why some people eat more than others.

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Birthweight, height together provide insight into future heart health

It's the proportionately of a newborn -- a measure that includes both birthweight and length -- that may best tell doctors whether a child is born with an increased risk for heart problems later in life, investigators report.

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Interventions for type 2 diabetes successful across the genetic landscape

Researchers find the quality of dietary fat consumed and the genetic risk of diabetes work independently of each other, and that a diet rich in polyunsaturated fats can be safely applied across the spectrum of type 2 diabetes genetic risk.

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Current guides for starting infants on solid food may lead to overfeeding

Starting 6-month-old infants on solid food in the amounts recommended by standard feeding guides may lead to overfeeding, according to a new study.

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Diet of traditional Native foods revealed in hair samples

Researchers have linked specific chemical signatures found in human hair with a diet of traditional Yup'ik foods. The finding could help scientists make connections between diet and long-term health trends in Alaska Native populations.

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These gut bacteria prevent mice from becoming obese -- what could that mean for us?

A specific class of bacteria from the gut prevents mice from becoming obese, suggesting these same microbes may similarly control weight in people, a new study reports. The beneficial bacteria, called Clostridia, are part of the microbiome -- collectively trillions of bacteria and other microorganisms that inhabit the intestine.

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Exposure to common chemicals in plastics linked to childhood obesity

Exposure to common chemicals in plastics and canned foods may play a role in childhood obesity, according to a new study.

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With bitter foods, what you eat determines what you like to eat

Introducing plant-based foods to a diet is a common-sense approach to healthy eating, but many people don't like the taste of vegetables, bitter greens, in particular. But give that broccoli a chance. Doing so won't just change your mind; it will actually change the taste of those foods, according to a new study.

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Waist size is a forgotten factor in defining obesity

A new study finds that some people considered to be a normal weight could unknowingly be at high risk for obesity-related health issues.

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Extra weight in 60s may be linked to brain thinning years later

Having a bigger waistline and a high body mass index (BMI) in your 60s may be linked with greater signs of brain aging years later, according to a new study. The study suggests that these factors may accelerate brain aging by at least a decade.

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Meal timing strategies appear to lower appetite, improve fat burning

Researchers have discovered that meal timing strategies such as intermittent fasting or eating earlier in the daytime appear to help people lose weight by lowering appetite rather than burning more calories, according to a report. The study is the first to show how meal timing affects 24-hour energy metabolism when food intake and meal frequency are matched.

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New data fills research gaps on weight loss experiences for minority groups

The use of intensive lifestyle interventions focused on altering dietary and physical activity habits using behavioral strategies can produce sustained weight loss among African-Americans and Hispanics who have type 2 diabetes (T2D), according to a new study.

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Evolutionary gene loss may help explain why only humans are prone to heart attacks

Scientists say the loss of a single gene two to three million years ago in our ancestors may have resulted in a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease in all humans as a species, while also setting up a further risk for red meat-eating humans.

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Mediterranean diet during pregnancy reduces gestational diabetes and weight gain

A simple Mediterranean-style diet in pregnancy does not reduce the overall risk of adverse maternal and offspring complications, but has the potential to reduce weight gain in pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes, according to a clinical trial.

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Adolescents who skip breakfast may develop obesity

This study investigated behaviors associated with weight gain and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents. Missing the first meal of the day can contribute to the development of unhealthy habits and behaviors.

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Warning to those wanting to spice up their lives

Think twice before adding that extra kick of chili sauce or chopped jalapeno to your meal. New research shows a spicy diet could be linked to dementia.

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Heart disease biomarker linked to paleo diet

People who follow the paleo diet have twice the amount of a key blood biomarker linked closely to heart disease, the world's first major study examining the impact of the diet on gut bacteria has found.

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Offering children a wide variety and large quantities of snack food encourages them to eat more

Offering children a wide variety and large quantities of snack food encourages them to eat more - and may contribute to weight problems, a new study has found. The research also found that how snacks are presented (in a large or small container) has little influence on how much children snack.

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Hearing loss tied with mental, physical, and social ailments in older people

Hearing loss has a profound impact on older people, as it can lead to anxiety, restricted activity, and perhaps even cognitive decline and dementia. Research has examined associations of hearing loss with outdoor activity limitations, psychological distress, and memory loss in people aged 65 and over. All three conditions were significantly worse when there was hearing loss. The findings support early interventions such as use of hearing aids.

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SIRT6 over-expression may prevent progression of diabetes, study finds

A new animal study explores an alternative sirtuin-based therapy to block the development of obesity and cardiomyopathy under conditions of excess nutrition, when diet restriction and regular exercise are not feasible.

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Understanding NIH Funding of Individual Fellowships for Predoctoral and Postdoctoral Researchers

Confused about funding protocols for predoctoral and postdoctoral research training? Learn more here!

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Should obesity be recognized as a disease?

With obesity now affecting almost a third (29%) of the population in England, and expected to rise to 35% by 2030, should we now recognize it as a disease? Experts debate the issue.

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Vast majority of dietary supplements don't improve heart health or put off death, study finds

In a massive new analysis of findings from 277 clinical trials using 24 different interventions, researchers say they have found that almost all vitamin, mineral and other nutrient supplements or diets cannot be linked to longer life or protection from heart disease.

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Anti-starvation trick that saved our ancestors may underlie obesity epidemic

A molecular 'trick' that kept our ancient ancestors from starving may now be contributing to the obesity epidemic, a new study finds.

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Spotlight on Saw Palmetto

This issue of NCCIH’s Clinical Digest provides information on what the science says about saw palmetto for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

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Dietary quality influences microbiome composition in human colonic mucosa

Studying the association between diet quality and microbiome composition in human colonic mucosa revealed that a high-quality diet is linked to more potentially beneficial bacteria, while a low-quality diet is associated with an increase in potentially harmful bacteria.

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An inflammatory diet correlates with colorectal cancer risk

This new study correlates a proinflamatory diet with the risk of developing colorectal cancer among the Spanish population.

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Early and ongoing experiences of weight stigma linked to self-directed weight shaming

Researchers surveyed more than 18,000 adults enrolled in the commercial weight management program WW International, and found that participants who internalized weight bias the most tended to be younger, female, have a higher body mass index (BMI), and have an earlier onset of their weight struggle.

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NCCIH Grantee Dr. Wenjun Zhang Honored With Presidential Early Career Award

NCCIH grantee Wenjun Zhang, Ph.D., from University of California, Berkeley, receives 2019 Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE).

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Healthy lifestyle may offset genetic risk of dementia

Living a healthy lifestyle may help offset a person's genetic risk of dementia, according to new research.

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Even in svelte adults, cutting about 300 calories daily protects the heart

In adults already at a healthy weight or carrying just a few extra pounds, cutting around 300 calories a day significantly improved already good levels of cholesterol, blood pressure, blood sugar and other markers.

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Possible link between sugary drinks and cancer

Findings from a new study suggest that limiting sugary drinks might contribute to a reduction in cancer cases, say researchers.

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'Traffic light' food labels reduce calories purchased in hospital cafeteria

A new study shows that labeling food choices in a hospital cafeteria with simple 'traffic-light' symbols indicating their relative health value was associated with a reduction in calories purchased by employees.

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Maternal obesity linked to childhood cancer

New study analyzed 2 million birth records and 3,000 cancer registry records and found that children born to obese mothers were 57% more likely to develop cancer, independent of other factors. This finding offers a rare opportunity for childhood cancer prevention.

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Preeclampsia risk may be reduced by a healthy high-fiber diet

New research suggests that gut bacteria could have an impact on the outcome of pregnancies with a high plant-based fiber diet recommended.

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Exercise improves brain function in overweight and obese individuals

New findings show that, on top of its benefits for metabolism, mood, and general health, exercise also improves brain function. In recent studies, researchers learned that obese and overweight individuals are prone to insulin resistance in the brain, where it provides information about current nutritional status, as well as the rest of the body. So researchers wanted to know whether exercise can improve insulin sensitivity in the brain and improve cognition in overweight individuals.

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Criteria for bariatric surgery should consider more than just patient's weight

More than one-third of Americans are obese, and while more than 250,000 bariatric surgeries are performed annually in the United States, experts say surgery should be an option for many more patients. Researchers say the standard criteria to qualify for bariatric surgery are nearly three decades old and are arbitrarily based on a patient's body mass index (BMI).

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Unusual eating behaviors may be a new diagnostic indicator for autism

Atypical eating behaviors may be a sign a child should be screened for autism, according to researchers who found that atypical eating behaviors were present in 70 percent of children with autism, which is 15 times more common than in neurotypical children.

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Requesting Input for an Open-Access Repository or Database for Physiological and Anatomical Ontology of Acupoints

In this blog post, NCCIH Director Dr. Helene Langevin addresses the need for consensus on anatomical and physiological data associated with acupoints in acupuncture research.

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Becoming new parents increases produce purchases

In the United States, both children and adults eat too few fruits and vegetables, which puts them at risk for poor diet quality and adverse health consequences. A new study found new parents increased their spending on produce in middle- and high-income households.

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Pain Signals May Travel as Fast as Touch Signals in Human Nerve Cells

Pain signals may travel as speedily as touch signals in human peripheral nerves. This discovery has implications for understanding the mechanisms of human pain.

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Tiny change has big effects, reverses prediabetes in mice

A small chemical change -- shifting the position of two hydrogen atoms -- makes the difference between mice that are healthy or that have insulin resistance and fatty liver, major risk factors for diabetes and heart disease. Making the change prevented the onset of these symptoms in mice fed a high-fat diet and reversed these prediabetes obese mice. Published in Science, the finding pinpoints a 'druggable' target that could be used to develop therapies for diabetes.

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New Job Openings at NCCIH To Support the HEAL Initiative

In this blog post, Dr. Wendy Weber describes two open positions at NCCIH that are part of a trans-NIH effort to accelerate scientific solutions to stem the national opioid crisis.

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Timing of exercise may be key to successful weight loss

In a new study of 375 adults who have successfully maintained weight loss and who engage in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity, most reported consistency in the time of day that they exercised, with early morning being the most common time.

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Obese people outnumber smokers two to one

New figures show that people who are obese now outnumber people who smoke two to one in the UK, and excess weight causes more cases of certain cancers than smoking, as the charity urges government action to tackle obesity.

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Researchers Develop Improved Methods of Noninvasive Mind Control of a Robotic Arm

Researchers funded in part by NCCIH have developed improved methods for mind control of a robotic arm that can continuously track and follow a randomly moving target.

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Health Scientist Administrator (Program Director) for Pain and Natural Product Clinical Research

The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) Division of Extramural Research announces an opening for a Health Scientist Administrator (Program Director) position to guide and manage a grants program supporting clinical research on complementary and integrative health approaches. The Program Director will support exciting new efforts related to the NIH HEAL (Helping to End Addiction Long-term) Initiative.

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Unraveling the brain's reward circuits

Food, alcohol, and certain drugs all act to reduce the activity of hunger neurons and to release reward signals in the brain, but alcohol and drugs rely on a different pathway than does food, according to a new study. The findings could point researchers to new strategies to design weight-loss or anti-addiction drugs.

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Changes to SBIR-STTR Programs Are Here

Learn about changes to the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs.

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Focusing on Nature for New Sources of Analgesic Compounds

NCCIH co-sponsored a recent workshop that united two of its research priorities: natural products and pain. Learn more here.

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Promising approach: Prevent diabetes with intermittent fasting

Intermittent fasting is known to improve sensitivity to the blood glucose-lowering hormone insulin and to protect against fatty liver. Scientists have now discovered that mice on an intermittent fasting regimen also exhibited lower pancreatic fat.The researchers showed the mechanism by which pancreatic fat could contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes.

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Innate immune responses to high-fat diets lead to obesity

Why is eating a high fat diet a recipe for obesity? According to a new study, the answer involves the activity of a specific type of immune cell that lives in the small intestine. Experiments showed that without group-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in the small intestines, mice can eat high-fat diets without gaining extra weight or suffering from other physiological symptoms of obesity.

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Maximum weight children should carry in school backpacks

Scientists have established that school children who use backpacks should avoid loads of more than 10% of their body weight -- and those who use trolleys, 20% of their body weight.

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