Research Concepts: An Early Glimpse of Potential Opportunities

In this blog post, Dr. Partap Khalsa discusses new concepts for NCCIH research.

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What to Ask Your Doctor Before Taking Opioids

Opioids can be used to treat certain kinds of chronic and acute pain. It doesn't matter who is writing the prescription; ask these questions before taking opioids.

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Gut bacteria is key factor in childhood obesity

Scientists suggest that gut bacteria and its interactions with immune cells and metabolic organs, including fat tissue, play a key role in childhood obesity.

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Combating Antibiotic Resistance

Misuse and overuse of antibiotics have contributed to antibiotic resistance, a phenomenon that reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of antibiotics

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Men With Breast Cancer Need More Treatment Options and Access to Genetic Counseling

Breast cancer in men tends to be diagnosed at an older age and when the cancer is at a later stage, but is treated very similarly to breast cancer in women. The FDA encourages the inclusion of men in breast cancer clinical trials.

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How far schoolkids live from junk food sources tied to obesity

As measured in city blocks, proximity to fast and convenience food sellers can impact a student's chances of becoming obese, according to a new study.

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Exerting self-control does not mean sacrificing pleasure

New research challenges the view that self-control equals sacrificing pleasure.

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One avocado a day helps lower 'bad' cholesterol for heart healthy benefits

New research suggests that eating one avocado a day may help keep 'bad cholesterol' at bay. According to the researchers, bad cholesterol can refer to both oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and small, dense LDL particles.

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Nonnutritive sweetener use in children

Nonnutritive or artificial sweeteners are a growing part of US diets, now consumed by at least one in four children. A new American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement offers a summary of the existing data around nonnutritive sweeteners and recommends future research into how they affect children's weight, taste preferences, the risk for diabetes, and long-term safety.

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Soft drinks found to be the crucial link between obesity and tooth wear

A new study has found that sugar-sweetened acidic drinks, such as soft drinks, is the common factor between obesity and tooth wear among adults.

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High fiber, yogurt diet associated with lower lung cancer risk

A diet high in fiber and yogurt is associated with a reduced risk for lung cancer.

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Obesity exacerbates many causes of death, but risks are different for men and women

People who carry around unhealthy amounts of weight don't just have heart disease and diabetes to worry about. Obesity is implicated in two thirds of the leading causes of death from non-communicable diseases worldwide and the risk of certain diseases differs for men and women.

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Scientists identify new signposts in blood and urine to reflect what we eat and drink

Researchers have identified several chemical signatures, detectable in blood and urine, that can accurately measure dietary intake, potentially offering a new tool for physicians, dieticians and researchers to assess eating habits, measure the value of fad diets and develop health policies.

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Deleting a liver enzyme lowers the health risk of sweet treats (at least in mice)

Hepatic insulin resistance, caused by diets high in sugar and fat, can lead to type 2 diabetes. Researchers found that the Elovl6 gene plays a key role in hepatic insulin resistance. Deleting Elov6 in liver cells causes a rise in a specific ceramide lipid that protects mice from hepatic insulin resistance due to excessive dietary sugar. The findings could help efforts to find a targeted treatment for the condition.

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High-salt diet promotes cognitive impairment through the Alzheimer-linked protein tau

Investigators sought to understand the series of events that occur between salt consumption and poor cognition and concluded that lowering salt intake and maintaining healthy blood vessels in the brain may 'stave off' dementia. Accumulation of tau deposits has been implicated in the development of Alzheimer's disease in humans.

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Reduced food intake in old mice can no longer improve health

Reduced food intake helps both animals and humans to improve health in old age and can prolong life. But when do you have to change your diet to achieve this benefit in old age? Scientists have now shown that mice only become healthier if they start food reduction early and eat less before entering old age. The scientists conclude that healthy behavior must be established earlier in life in order to improve health in old age and extend lifespan.

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A possible gut-brain connection to 'chemo brain'

To test the possible relationship between the gut and chemo brain, a lab is examining chemo's effects on mice whose guts have been manipulated before treatment. One experiment involves feeding the mice antibiotics. The other relies on the universal practice among mice of eating their own and their roommates' feces.

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Researchers find college football players' weight gain leads to heart problems

Weight gain and high blood pressure in college football players leads to adverse changes in cardiac structure and function, indicating monitoring and early intervention is needed for this young and otherwise healthy athletic population, according to a new study.

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Fitoterapia USA Inc. Issues Voluntary Nationwide Recall of MERO MACHO ARTIFICIAL PASSION FRUIT FLAVORED VITAMIN C LIQUID SUPPLEMENT Due to Presence of Active Ingredient Tadalafil

Fitoterapia USA Inc., recalls 19,000 bottles of MACHO ARTIFICIAL PASSION FRUIT FLAVORED VITAMIN C LIQUID SUPPLEMENT, liquid dietary supplement because FDA analysis has found the product to be tainted with Tadalafil.

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A blood factor involved in weight loss and aging

Aging can be delayed through lifestyle changes (physical exercise, restricting calorie intake, etc.). Researchers have elucidated the properties of a molecule in the blood - GDF11 - whose mechanisms were previously unknown. In a mouse model, they showed that this molecule could mimic the benefits of certain calorie restrictions - dietary regimens that have proven their efficacy in reducing cardiovascular disease, preventing cancer and increasing neurogenesis in the brain.

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Good Dog, Bad Food: Foods for People That Are Bad for Your Dog

Some foods that are meant for people can be dangerous, and even deadly, to your dog.

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Limiting mealtimes may increase your motivation for exercise

Limiting access to food in mice increases levels of the hormone, ghrelin, which may also increase motivation to exercise, according to a new study. The study suggests that a surge in levels of appetite-promoting hormone, ghrelin, after a period of fasting prompted mice to initiate voluntary exercise.

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Increase health benefits of exercise by working out before breakfast

Exercising before eating breakfast burns more fat, improves how the body responds to insulin and lowers people's risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

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Evidence of behavioral, biological similarities between compulsive overeating and addiction

Does yo-yo dieting drive compulsive eating? There may be a connection. According to researchers the chronic cyclic pattern of overeating followed by undereating, reduces the brain's ability to feel reward and may drive compulsive eating. This finding suggests that future research into treatment of compulsive eating behavior should focus on rebalancing the mesolimbic dopamine system -- the part of the brain responsible for feeling reward or pleasure.

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Bad break-ups may not trigger weight gain from emotional eating

That pint of ice cream after a nasty breakup may not do as much damage as you think. Despite the emotional turmoil, people on average do not report gaining weight after a relationship dissolution, according to new research.

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Adults with undiagnosed Celiac disease have lower bone density

New research has found lower bone density in adults who are likely to have undiagnosed celiac disease, an autoimmune disease triggered by consuming gluten, despite this group consuming more calcium and phosphorous than the control group.

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Why some US football players have higher cardiovascular risk

Research has shown that while elite athletes overall are at decreased risk of death from cardiovascular problems, a certain group of athletes -- football linemen in the United States -- actually have higher risk than the general population than other elite athletes.

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How do ketogenic diets affect skin inflammation?

Not all fats are equal in how they affect our skin, according to a new study. The investigators found that different ketogenic diets impacted skin inflammation differently in psoriasiform-like skin inflammation in mice. Ketogenic diets heavy in medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) such as coconut, especially in combination with omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil and plant sources like nuts and seeds, exacerbated psoriasis.

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A secret in saliva: Food and germs helped humans evolve into unique member of great apes

Researchers discovered that the human diet -- a result of increased meat consumption, cooking and agriculture -- has led to stark differences in the saliva of humans compared to that of other primates.

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Focusing on Contact Lens Safety

In addition to offering flexibility and convenience, contacts help correct a variety of vision disorders. But contact lenses also present potential risks. See these safety basics, including information on proper hygiene and proper practices for cleaning, disinfecting, and storing your lenses.

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Factors that predict obesity by adolescence revealed

Three simple factors that predict whether a healthy weight child will be overweight or obese by adolescence have been revealed in a new study.

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Sweetened drinks represented 62% of children's drink sales in 2018

Fruit drinks and flavored waters that contained added sugars and/or low-calorie (diet) sweeteners dominated sales of drinks intended for children in 2018, making up 62% of the $2.2 billion in total children's drink sales. The report also found that companies spent $20.7 million to advertise children's drinks with added in sugars in 2018, primarily to kids under age 12.

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Progress in global cancer fight is not only possible, but achievable

The Cancer Atlas, 3rd edition, a comprehensive global overview of cancer around the globe, concludes that progress in the fight against cancer is not only possible, but achievable.

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What You Should Know About Using Cannabis, Including CBD, When Pregnant or Breastfeeding

FDA strongly advises against the use of cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and marijuana in any form during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.


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NIH study in mice explains how brain can turn pain signals up or down

[em]Research explores dual role of amygdala in regulating pain[/em]

A new study in mice, conducted by NCCIH researchers, uncovered a previously unknown role that the central amygdala can play in upgrading or downgrading pain signals in the brain’s circuitry.

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Study Explains How the Amygdala Regulates Pain

Study explores the previously unknown role of the central amygdala (region of the brain associated with emotional processes) in upgrading and downgrading pain signals in the brain.

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Heavier birth weight linked to childhood allergies

New research shows that the more a baby weighs at birth relative to its gestational age the higher the risk they will suffer from childhood food allergy or eczema, although not hay fever.

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Shipment tracking for 'fat parcels' in the body

Without fat, nothing works in the body: These substances serve as energy suppliers and important building blocks -- including for the envelopes of living cells. Numerous diseases are related to disorders in the fat metabolism, such as obesity or cancer. Researchers are now demonstrating how the fat metabolism can be monitored down to the individual liver cell of a mouse with the greatest sensitivity.

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FDA’s Forensic Chemistry Center Playing Critical Role in Vaping Illness Investigation

FDA’s Forensic Chemistry Center serves as the agency’s premier national forensic laboratory for research and analyses related to criminal and regulatory investigations involving FDA-regulated products.

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Overweight before age 40 increases the cancer risk

The risk of cancer increases considerably if you gain weight before the age of 40.

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Type 2 diabetes and obesity could be treated by new, less invasive procedure

New research has found that a newly tested medical device, called Sleeveballoon, mimics the effects of traditional bariatric surgery in rodents and produces impressive results on body weight, fatty liver and diabetes control.

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Scientists are decoding the genetic mechanisms of aging

Scientists describes the mechanisms by which longevity is regulated post-transcriptionally, or after a genetic blueprint has been transcribed from an organism's DNA. The identification of these mechanisms will serve as a road map for screening new, more specific drugs to prolong healthy lifespan. The laboratory focuses on research on regeneration and aging.

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Food comas and long-term memories: New research points to an appetizing connection

There may be a connection between food comas -- resting after eating -- and the formation of long-term memories, a team of neuroscientists concludes based on its study on brain activity in sea slugs.

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Maternal obesity speeds up aging in offspring

The effects of maternal obesity even pass across generations to offspring, accelerating the rate of aging of metabolic problems that occur in normal life.

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Randomized controlled trial suggests healthier diet may directly reduce depression

Young adults with depression whose diet is usually unhealthy showed significantly fewer symptoms of depression after eating a healthy diet for three weeks, according to a new study.

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Human gut microbes could make processed foods healthier

A new study sheds light on how human gut microbes break down processed foods -- especially potentially harmful chemical changes often produced during modern food manufacturing processes.

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Rat Study Suggests Dietary Polyphenol Supplementation Has Potential To Relieve Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Pain

Rat study findings suggest that dietary supplementation with polyphenols (naturally occurring compounds found in plant-derived foods) may ease back pain associated with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration.

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Access to Chiropractors May Reduce Medical Spending for Older Adults’ Spine-Related Services

Results of a new NCCIH-supported study suggest that older adults’ access to chiropractic care may reduce medical spending on services for spine conditions.

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Analysis Points to Maldistribution of Primary Healthcare Providers across Nation

An analysis of data suggests that the primary care workforce is unequally distributed across the nation.

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Dietary supplement from tomatoes discovered to boost sperm quality

Sperm quality can be improved with a simple diet supplement containing a compound found in cooked tomatoes, according to new research.

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Losing weight -- and keeping it off -- linked to cardiometabolic benefits

People who lose weight and keep it off can stabilize or even improve their cardiometabolic risk factors compared to people who regain weight, finds a new study.

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DNA metabarcoding useful for analyzing human diet

A new study demonstrates that DNA metabarcoding provides a promising new method for tracking human plant intake, suggesting that similar approaches could be used to characterize the animal and fungal components of human diets. The study demonstrated that dietary plant DNA can be amplified and sequenced from human stool using methods commonly applied to wildlife studies.

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How the colon prioritizes gas detox over energy use

Smelly flatulence is one way our bodies manage our well-being. It turns out expelling noxious gas takes priority in our guts.

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Large, long-term study suggests link between eating mushrooms and a lower risk of prostate cancer

Results from the first long-term cohort study of more than 36,000 Japanese men over decades suggest an association between eating mushrooms and a lower risk of prostate cancer.

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New Tools Will Help Guide Clinical Researchers

In this blog post, Dr. Catherine Meyers discusses two new protocol templates to NCCIH’s Clinical Research Toolbox, the web-based information repository for investigators and staff involved in NCCIH-funded clinical research.

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Vaping Illness Update: FDA Warns Public to Stop Using Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-Containing Vaping Products and Any Vaping Products Obtained Off the Street

The FDA is strengthening its warning to consumers to stop using vaping products containing THC and any vaping product obtained off the street amid more than 1,000 reports of lung injuries—including some resulting in deaths—following the use of vaping products.

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FODMAPs diet relieves symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease

New research has found that a diet low in fermented carbohydrates has improved certain gut symptoms and improved health-related quality of life for sufferers of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

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Low birth weight linked to cardiovascular risk

In a recent study, researchers discovered that if children had a low birth weight, they were more likely to exhibit cardiovascular risk factors in fifth grade.

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Heart failure and the obesity paradox

While obesity significantly increases your chances of developing heart failure, for those with established heart failure it may confer a survival benefit compared with normal weight or underweight individuals.

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Making Sure Kids Are Prepared if They Need Epinephrine Treatments in School

Kids are back in school, which for many parents, means making sure important prescriptions, like epinephrine products, are filled and available to use when necessary. FDA wants to make sure patients, parents, health care providers, school nurses, and pharmacists stay on top of product availability.

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'Dietary' vulnerability found in cancer cells with mutated spliceosomes

A research team has discovered a metabolic vulnerability in multiple types of cancer cells that bear a common genetic mutation affecting cellular machines called spliceosomes.

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Seafood consumption during pregnancy may improve attention capacity in children

A new study highlights the importance of eating a diet rich in lean and fatty fish during the first months of pregnancy.

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Metabolic discovery may help in fight against heart disease, diabetes

Researchers have uncovered a key step in how the human body metabolizes sugar, which could lead to better treatment and prevention of heart disease, obesity and Type 2 diabetes.

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Estimating calorie content not clear-cut for all

We make food decisions several times a day - from what time we eat to how much - but a new study has found we are not very good at judging the energy-density of what we consume.

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Food insecurity in young adults raises risk for diabetes, high blood pressure, asthma

A paradox of food insecurity in wealthy countries is its association with excess weight. Now, a study finds that young adults in the United States who are food insecure not only are slightly more likely to be obese, they are significantly more likely to suffer from disorders associated with high body mass index, as well as obstructive airway diseases like asthma.

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High-fructose and high-fat diet damages liver mitochondria

High levels of fructose in the diet inhibit the liver's ability to properly metabolize fat. This effect is specific to fructose. Indeed, equally high levels of glucose in the diet actually improve the fat-burning function of the liver.

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Discovered new regulation for infant growth

Researchers have identified new genetic signals for the regulation of how infants grow. This may be a crucial step in the fight against growth-related diseases.

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